Clinical English support
Practice diagnoses by symptom pattern, and optionally turn on plain-English glossary help during study sessions when clinical vocabulary slows you down.
Drill diagnoses by symptom pattern
Open the concept library to recognize presentations, differentials, and next-step reasoning.
Where does exam English create friction?
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Glossary mode for study sessions
When enabled, clinical terms in quizzes can show a plain-English gloss so vocabulary does not block reasoning practice.
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High-yield clinical glossary
Quick plain-English glosses for terms you will meet often. For full recognition drills, use the concept library.
Browse glossary entries
- Psychometric
- How we measure mental abilities and traits using tests
- Validity
- Whether a test truly measures what it claims to measure
- Reliability
- Whether a test gives consistent results when repeated
- Neurotransmitter
- A chemical messenger between brain cells (neurons)
- Pharmacology
- How drugs affect the body and mind
- Psychopathology
- The study of mental disorders and abnormal behavior
- Differential Diagnosis
- Comparing similar conditions to identify the best diagnosis
- Differential
- Telling apart similar conditions or diagnoses
- Confounding
- An extra factor that distorts study results
- Null
- No effect — the hypothesis that nothing changed
- Efficacy
- How well a treatment works in ideal conditions
- Effectiveness
- How well a treatment works in everyday conditions
- Multicultural
- Including many cultural backgrounds and perspectives
- Intersectionality
- How race, gender, class, and other identities overlap
- Cognition
- Thinking processes: memory, attention, problem-solving
- Affect
- Emotional experience and expression
- Operant
- Behavior shaped by rewards and punishments
- Classical
- Learning by pairing two stimuli (Pavlov-style)
- Hippocampus
- Brain region critical for forming new memories
- Amygdala
- Brain region involved in fear and emotional memory
- Prefrontal
- Front part of the brain — planning, judgment, impulse control
- Serotonin
- Brain chemical linked to mood, sleep, and anxiety
- Dopamine
- Brain chemical linked to reward, motivation, and movement
- Hypothesis
- A testable prediction about what will happen
- Correlation
- Two things change together, but one may not cause the other
- Placebo
- A fake treatment used to compare against real treatment
- Comorbidity
- When a person has two or more disorders at the same time
- Etiology
- The cause or origin of a disorder
- Prognosis
- Expected course or outcome of a condition
- Assessment
- Measuring or evaluating a person's abilities or symptoms
- Intervention
- A planned treatment or action to help someone
- Informed Consent
- Permission given after understanding risks, benefits, and alternatives
- Internal Consistency
- How well items on a test measure the same construct
- Standard Error
- An estimate of how much a measured score may vary by chance
- Statistical Significance
- Evidence that a result is unlikely under the no-effect assumption
- Ethical
- Following moral rules about right and wrong in research and practice