Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Persistent inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity, with symptoms before age 12 and in two or more settings.
How it presents
inattention (careless mistakes, fails to follow through, forgetful), hyperactivity (fidgeting, leaving seat, runs/climbs), impulsivity (blurts, can't wait turn, interrupts); some symptoms before age 12; cross-setting
Tell it apart from
- Bipolar disorder
- Anxiety disorders
- Learning disorders
- Oppositional defiant disorder
Treatment reasoning
Stimulants first-line (methylphenidate, amphetamines); behavioral parent training / classroom management; nonstimulants (atomoxetine) as alternative.